The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences

Register      Login

SEARCH WITHIN CONTENT

FIND ARTICLE

Volume / Issue

Online First

Archive
Volume  66 (2024)
Volume  65 (2023)
Volume  64 (2022)
Volume  63 (2021)
Volume  62 (2020)
Volume  61 (2019)
Volume  60 (2018)
Volume  59 (2017)
Volume  58 (2016)
Volume  57 (2015)
Volume  56 (2014)
Volume  55 (2013)
Volume  54 (2012)
Volume  53 (2011)
Volume  52 (2010)
Related articles

VOLUME 55 , ISSUE 2 ( April-June, 2013 ) > List of Articles

Original Article

Profile of Lung Cancer in Predominantly Bidi Smoking Rural Population of Northern Himachal Pradesh

P.K. Sharma, R. Bansal

Keywords : Lung cancer, Bidi smokers, Rural population, Northern Himachal Pradesh

Citation Information : Sharma P, Bansal R. Profile of Lung Cancer in Predominantly Bidi Smoking Rural Population of Northern Himachal Pradesh. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2013; 55 (2):75-78.

DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-55-2-75

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 16-06-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2013; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background. Lung cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among both genders. The histopathological patterns of lung cancer in different parts of India appear to be variable. Objective. To study the profile of lung cancer in northern Himachal Pradesh. Methods. Patients of all age groups and either gender with history and complaints suggestive of lung cancer were subjected to further investigations to study the histopathological types of lung cancer over a period of 14 months. Results. Out of 105 histopathologically confirmed patients with lung cancer (mean age 62.7±11.6 years; 96 males), 89.5% were “ever smokers” and 82.9% were “current smokers”; 92% of current smokers were bidi smokers. Most common presenting complaints were chest pain (46.7%) and cough (35.2%). Mean duration of longest presenting complaint was 64 days. The histopathological types included squamous cell carcinoma (37.1%), adenocarcinoma (36.2%), small cell carcinoma (8.6%), un-classifiable (16.2%), and other types (1.9%). Conclusions. Majority of the lung cancer patients in northern Himachal Pradesh were bidi smoking males from rural areas and the incidence of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma is almost equal.

PDF Share
  1. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 2011;61:69-90.
  2. GLOBOCAN 2008. International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. Available at URL: http://www-dep.iarc.fr/. Accessed on June 3, 2012.
  3. Janssen-Heijnen ML, Coebergh JW, Klinkhamer PJ, Schipper RM, Splinter TA, Mooi WJ. Is there a common etiology for the rising incidence of and decreasing survival with adenocarcinoma of the lung? Epidemiology 2001;12:256-8.
  4. Charloux, A, Quoix E, Wolkove N, Small D, Pauli G, Kreisman H. The increasing incidence of lung adenocarcinoma: reality or artifact?: a review of the epidemiology of lung adenocarcinoma. Int J Epidemiol 1997;26:14-23.
  5. Gorlova OY, Weng SF, Zhang Y, Amos CL, Spitz MR. Aggregation of cancer among relatives of never-smoking lung cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2007;121:111-8.
  6. Viswanathan R, Gupta S, Iyer PVK. Incidence of primary lung cancer in India. Thorax 1962;17:73-6.
  7. National Cancer Registry Programme. An epidemiological study. Biennial Report 1988-89. New Delhi: Indian Council of Medical Research;p.3-82.
  8. National cancer registry programme (Indian Council of Medical Research). Three years report of population based cancer registries 2006-2008. Available at URL: http://www.pbcr.org/last accessed on June 3, 2012.
  9. Indrayan Smoking Index. Available at URL: http://indrayan.weebly.com/smoking-index1.html, last accessed on October 24, 2012.
  10. Prasad R, Ahuja RC, Singhal S, Srivastava AN, James P, Kesarwani V, et al. A case-control study of bidi smoking and bronchogenic carcinoma. Ann Thorac Med 2010;5:238-41.
  11. Kozlowski LT, Goldberg ME, Yost BA, White EL, Sweency CT, Pillittery JL. Smokers’ misperceptions of light and ultra-light cigarettes may keep them smoking. Am J Prev Med 1998;15: 9-16.
  12. Thun MJ, Henley SJ, Burns D, Jemal A, Shanks TG, Calle EE. Lung cancer death rates in lifelong nonsmokers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98: 691-9.
  13. Sun S, Schiller JH, Gazdar AF. Lung cancer in never-smokers: a different disease. Nature Rev Cancer 2007;7:778-90.
  14. Rahman M, Fukui T. Bidi smoking and health. Public Health 2000;114:123-7.
  15. Prasad R, Singhal S, Garg R. Bidi smoking and lung cancer. Biosci Trends 2009;3:41-3.
  16. Dikshit RP, Kanhere S. Tobacco habits and risk of lung, oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancer: a population-based case-control study in Bhopal, India. Int J Epidemiol 2000;29:609-14.
  17. Gupta D, Boffetta P, Gaborieau V, Jindal SK. Risk factors of lung cancer in Chandigarh, India. Indian J Med Res 2001;113:142-50.
  18. Behera D, Balamugesh T. Lung cancer in India. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2004;46:269-81.
  19. Krishnamurthy A, Vijayalakshmi R, Gadigi V, Ranganathan R, Sagar TG. The relevance of “Nonsmokingassociated lung cancer” in India: a single-centre experience. Indian J Cancer 2012;49:82-8.
  20. Noronha V, Dikshit R, Raut N, Joshi A, Pramesh CS, George K, et al. Epidemiology of lung cancer in India: focus on the differences between non-smokers and smokers: a singlecentre experience. Indian J Cancer 2012;49:74-81.
  21. Prasad R, James P, Kesarwani V, Gupta R, Pant MC, Chaturvedi A, et al. Clinicopathological study of bronchogenic carcinoma. Respirology 2004;9:557-60.
  22. Sheikh S, Shah A, Arshed A, Makhdoomi R, Ahmad R. Histological pattern of primary malignant lung tumours diagnosed in a tertiary care hospital: 10 year study. Asian Pacific J Cacer Prev 2010;11:1341-6.
  23. Travis WD, Travis LB, Devesa SS. Lung cancer. Cancer 1995;75:191-202.
  24. Travis WD. Pathology of lung cancer. Clin Chest Med 2002;23:65-81.
  25. Rosti G, Bevilacqua G, Bidoli P, Portalone L, Santo A, Genestreti G. Small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2006;17:5-10.
  26. Subramanian J, Govindan R. Lung cancer in never smokers: a review. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:561-70.
  27. Schick S, Glantz S. Philip Morris toxicological experiments with fresh sidestream smoke: more toxic than mainstream smoke. Tobacco Control 2005;14:396-404.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.