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VOLUME 61 , ISSUE 4 ( October-December, 2019 ) > List of Articles

Original Article

Association of Indoor Air Pollution with Allergic Respiratory Diseases in Paediatric Population Residing in National Capital Region

Raj Kumar, Kamal Singh, Jitendra Kumar Nagar, Anil Kumar Mavi, Manoj Kumar, Deepak Kumar

Keywords : Allergic respiratory diseases, Indoor air pollution, Tobacco smoking

Citation Information : Kumar R, Singh K, Nagar JK, Mavi AK, Kumar M, Kumar D. Association of Indoor Air Pollution with Allergic Respiratory Diseases in Paediatric Population Residing in National Capital Region. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2019; 61 (4):181-197.

DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-61-4-181

License: NA

Published Online: 18-12-2019

Copyright Statement:  NA


Abstract

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) has observed that around seven million people died every year globally due to indoor air pollution. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of indoor air pollution on respiratory health [bronchial asthma (BA) and/or allergic rhinitis (AR)] in a paediatric population in the National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi, India. Methods: A cross-sectional study to assess the factors responsible for respiratory diseases (BA and/or AR) in homes in rural areas of National Capital Region (NCR), India was done. Sixty-one households where at least one child who had symptoms of BA/AR (case households; Group A) and another 61 households with children without any symptom of BA/AR (Group B) were selected for the study. A standard questionnaire was used to collect the information about the health status of children and pollution levels in these homes. Results: A total of 95 (43.8%) children in Group A households were found to have history of allergic respiratory diseases (n=43–BA, n=19–AR) while 33 children had both BA and AR. There was a statistically significant difference in the 24-hour particulate matter concentration (24-hour) PM2.5 (P=0.01) and 6-hour concentration of PM10 (P=0.02) in Group A households as compared to Group B households. The 6-hour concentration of PM2.5 and PM1 and 12-hour concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was found to be higher in households of Group A. Group A households also had a higher number of smokers and usage of kerosene oil for lighting of lamps. Conclusions: Tobacco smoking, use of kerosene oil for lighting and combustion of solid fuel for cooking results in an increased level of particulate matter and VOCs in indoor air and are the major contributing factors for respiratory illness in the paediatric population.

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