The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences

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2012 | October-December | Volume 54 | Issue 4

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EDITORIAL

Ravindra K. Dewan

Therapeutic Management of Empyema

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:3] [Pages No:219 - 221]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-219  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

229

Original Article

E. Akpinar, E. Sayin, E. Buyuk, M. Gulhan

Association of Levels of N-terminal-Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide with Localisation of Thrombus in Acute Pulmonary Embolism

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:4] [Pages No:223 - 226]

Keywords: Computed tomography, Pro-BNP, Pulmonary embolism, Thrombus

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-223  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and objectives. Brain-natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a potent natriuretic, diuretic hormone that is released from heart into the circulation. We aimed to investigate whether N-terminal-pro-BNP (pro-BNP) could predict localisation of thrombus in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Methods. Emergency patients found to have thrombosis in the pulmonary artery on helical computed tomography were enrolled. The thrombi which were localised in the main/right or left pulmonary artery were classified as central and those at segmentary/sub-segmentary levels as peripheral. The patients were evaluated by an echocardiogram and pro-BNP levels were measured. Results. Forty-nine patients were enrolled. The thrombus was unilateraly located in 63.3 percent patients and peripherally in 81.6 percent. The difference in pro-BNP levels between those with central and peripheral thrombi was significant (p<0.05). Pro-BNP levels of patients with and without evidence of right ventricular overload (pulmonary hypertension, right heart dilatation, interventricular septal hypokinaesia) were also significantly different (respectively, p<0.001, p<0.01, p<0.01). The pro-BNP levels of patients who were followed up in the intensive care unit and needed thrombolytic treatment were significantly higher (respectively p<0.001, p<0.01). Conclusions. Higher pro-BNP levels indicate higher probability of more central location of thrombus, resulting in a more adverse clinical course. Further studies are needed to determine the predictive values of pro-BNP levels for localisation of pulomnary embolus.

425

Original Article

Sheikh Saleem, Lotus Gailson, Wafai Zahoor Ahmad, Tariq A. Wani, Abdul Ahad Wani

Normative Spirometric Values in Adult Kashmiri Population

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:7] [Pages No:227 - 233]

Keywords: Pulmonary functions, Spirometric values, Body mass index, Kashmiri population

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-227  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background. Normative values of pulmonary functions of healthy population are affected by different geographic, ethnic, climatic and demographic factors. Objective. Present study was designed to derive normative spirometric values, prediction equations for future reference in adult Kashmiri population. Methods. Pulmonary function testing was carried out on 3080 normal healthy non-smoking individuals (1974 males; age 18-65 years) of Kashmir valley. Multiple regression analysis was used to develop prediction equations for use in this population. Results. Forced vital capacity (FVC, L/s) (4.3±0.8 versus 3.0±0.5; p<0.05), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1, L/s) (3.9±0.7 versus 2.6±0.5; p<0.05) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR, L/s) (7.9±1.8 versus 5.3±1.2; p<0.05) were significantly higher in males in comparison with females. All the other parameters except FEV1/PEFR ratio were significantly higher among males (p<0.05). Irrespective of gender, all the parameters declined with increasing age. Females had higher FEV1/PEFR ratio (p<0.05) in age group of 15-30 years. Overall the inter-group difference across the districts studied was not significant. Spirometric parameters manifested an overall negative correlation with increasing body mass index (BMI), although FVC and FEV1 in males with low BMI were high (p<0.05). Conclusion. These prediction equations can be utilised as reference values for future use in adult Kashmiri population.

308

Original Article

Tarun Chugh, Nitin Goel, S.K. Bhargava, Raj Kumar

Correlation of Physiological and Radiological Characteristics in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:235 - 242]

Keywords: Chest radiograph, Computed tomography, CT lung density, Emphysema, PFTs

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-235  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background. Diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is confirmed on spirometry but the diagnosis of emphysema remains problematic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of chest radiograph (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of emphysema and to correlate these findings with pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Methods. Thirty-five patients with COPD were studied. In all of them, CXR, CT and PFTs were done; three patients had bronchiectasis on CT and were excluded from the study. Chest radiographs (CXRs) were scored for signs of hyperinflation. Lung densities were measured on CT. Results. Functional indices of hyperinflation, i.e. functional residual capacity (FRC), residual volume (RV) and RV/total lung capacity (TLC) had significant correlation with CXR scores. The mean retrosternal space (RSP) measurement was 2.63±0.6 cm (range 1.2 to 3.6cm). Mean lung density (MLD) was -867.91 Hounsfield units (HU) which significantly correlated with functional indices of hyperinflation (FRC, RV, TLC, RV/TLC). Conclusions. In Indian population hyperinflation was found to occur even with lesser values of RSP than the western criteria. CT lung density gives good radiological evidence of emphysema and correlates with lung function abnormalities.

282

Radiology Forum

K. Gowrinath, M. Gayatri, G. Lalitha Kumari, V.H. Kishor

Neck Swelling After Sneezing

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:3] [Pages No:251 - 253]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-251  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

191

CASE REPORT

Dhawal Sharma, Snehal Dixit, Himanshu Shah, R.P. Bharaney, B.M. Halvadia, Rahul Patel, Kamlesh Tharwani, Bhaskar

Sternal Osteomylitis due to Arrow-head Injury: A Rare Case Report

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:3] [Pages No:255 - 257]

Keywords: Sternum, Osteomyelitis, Debridement, Trauma, Sickle-cell anaemia

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-255  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Sternal osteomyelitis secondary to penetrating trauma is an uncommon entity and only few cases have been reported. We report a case of sternal osteomyelitis in a patient with sickle-cell anaemia with a unique past history of arrow-head injury who presented with signs and symptoms of sternal infection. Imaging studies suggested osteomyelitis and the patient underwent sternal debridement, with a successful outcome.

230

CASE REPORT

Mohammad Sadik Akhtar, M.H. Beg, Ashwani Kumar

Isolated Traumatic Giant Diaphragmatic Hernia Mimicking a Haemopneumothorax: A Report of Two Cases

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:3] [Pages No:259 - 261]

Keywords: Diaphragmatic hernia, Haemopneumothrax

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-259  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

We report two cases who presented with respiratory distress after trauma that were treated for a left-sided haemopneumothrax. These were finally diagnosed as giant diaphragmatic hernias. The diagnostic difficulties and complications arising out of a wrong diagnosis are discussed.

246

CASE REPORT

Narayana Pradeepa, Gangadhar M. Kudri, Manasa S. Janne, Abhishekh H. Ashok

Neurofibroma Arising from Phrenic Nerve

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:2] [Pages No:263 - 264]

Keywords: Neurofibroma, Phrenic nerve, Neurofibromatosis, Mediastinal mass

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-263  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

We report a case of neurofibroma arising from the left phrenic nerve and not associated with neurofibromatosis in a 46-year-old male. The patient presented with gradually progressive breathlessness and pain in chest for six months. Radiological investigations revealed a posterior mediastinal mass on the left side of the chest. On postero-lateral thoracotomy, the resected tumour was found to be arising from the phrenic nerve. Histopathological examination confirmed it to be a neurofibroma. Absence of any other distinctive lesions of neurofibromatosis makes this an unusual presentation.

214

Book Review

Meenu Singh

Pediatric Airway Surgery

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:1] [Pages No:282 - 282]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-282  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

212

Abstracts' Service

Abstracts' Service

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:3] [Pages No:285 - 287]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-285  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

204

Authors' Index

Authors' Index [Vol. 54, 2012, Nos. 1-4]

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:3] [Pages No:288 - 290]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-288  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

231

Guidelines to Authors

Guidelines to Authors

[Year:2012] [Month:October-December] [Volume:54] [Number:4] [Pages:6] [Pages No:291 - 296]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-54-4-291  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

170

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