The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences

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2014 | January-March | Volume 56 | Issue 1

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EDITORIAL

K.B. Gupta

Thromboembolism in Tuberculosis: A Neglected Comorbidity

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:2] [Pages No:5 - 6]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-5  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

199

Original Article

TH Deepak, Ashok K. Janmeja, Parul Sood, Monica Gupta

Outcome of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients after Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:7 - 12]

Keywords: Pulmonary rehabilitation, COPD, Acute exacerbation, Quality of life

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-7  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an evidence-based intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which improves the exercise capacity and quality of life (QoL). Methods. We studied 60 patients after an episode of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). They were randomised to receive conventional treatment without pulmonary rehabilitation (CTWPR) (n=30) or, standard treatment plus a 12-week post-exacerbation pulmonary rehabilitation (PEPR) programme in addition. Assessment of exercise capacity by six minute walk test (6MWT) and QoL measured by St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were carried out initially and at the end of three months. Results. The baseline characteristics of both the groups were found to be similar. There was a statistically significant increase in the six minute walk distance (6MWD) (increase by 37.9 meters, p< 0.001) and a significant decline in the total SGRQ score (by 3.8 units p< 0.001) in the PEPR group compared to CTWPR group. Conclusion. Early pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with an AECOPD has significant benefits on the QoL and exercise capacity.

205

Original Article

Mir Shad Ali, Deepak Talwar, S.K. Jain

The Effect of a Short-Term Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life in Patients Hospitalised with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:7] [Pages No:13 - 19]

Keywords: Pulmonary rehabilitation, COPD, Cardiopulmonary exercise test, 6MWT

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-13  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background. Recent research shows that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), reduced dyspnoea, improved exercise capacity, and prevented occurrence of further exacerbations. Objective. To evaluate the utility of a 3-week PR programme in patients with AECOPD. Methods. Patients admitted with AECOPD, following clinical stabilisation in the respiratroy intensive care unit (RICU), were alternately assigned to intervention (n=15); and control groups (n=15), respectively. Baseline assessment included spirometry, six-minute walk test (6MWT), symptom limited cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment by generic questionnaire medical outcomes study short form (S-F 36) questionnaire and dyspnoea evaluation by Borg score. The intervention group patients were treated with usual care plus PR exercises in the form of 20 minutes each of walking, bicycle ergometry and resistance exercises, thrice-weekly for three weeks. The control group patients were treated with only the usual care. After discharge from hospital the treatment regimens were continued on alternate days on outpatient basis, for a total of three weeks. The assessment was repeated in both the groups after three weeks. Results. Nine sessions of PR exercises produced statistically significant improvement in general well-being, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), 6MWT parameters, exercise capacity, peak oxygen uptake and volume of oxygen consumption (VO2)/Watts slope on CPET in patients with AECOPD. Conclusion. Short duration PR programmes appear to be helpful in the management of AECOPD.

218

Original Article

Virendra Singh, Bharat Bhushan Sharma, Vivek Patel, Surendra Poonia

Clinical Profile of Pneumonia and Its Association with Rain Wetting in Patients Admitted at a Tertiary Care Institute During Pandemic of Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 Virus Infection

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:21 - 26]

Keywords: Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, Pneumonia, Rain, Risk factors, Signs and symptoms

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-21  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background. Influenza pneumonia often occurs as epidemics in the Asian countries and have significant impact on the health of world population. Methods. We studied the association of rain-wetting with occurrence of pneumonia during the outbreak of the influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus infection. All patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia during the period 13th September to 10th October 2010 were recruited in the present study. The diagnosis of influenza was established by realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The demographic data and clinical profile of the patients were recorded with a special consideration to record of possible risk factors. Results. Of the 123 patients studied, 39 (32%) patients had tested positive for influenza A (H1N1) pdm09; 12 (10%) tested positive for influenza A and remaining 72 (58%) patients were negative for influenza virus. Pattern of illness was almost identical in H1N1-positive and-negative groups. History of rain-wetting was present in 48 patients (39%) preceding the onset of illness. Getting wet in the rain was significantly higher in patients with pneumonia than control subjects [odds ratio 2.53, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.301 - 4.91; p=0.009)]. The number of pneumonia patients was also higher on rainy days and the numbers started declining a week later. Conclusion. More pneumonia patients are admitted during the periods of greater rainfall and rain-wetting may be an important risk factor for the occurrence of pneumonia.

213

REVIEW ARTICLE

Azmat Karim, Vijay Kumar Arora

Applications of Ultrasonography in Respiratory Intensive Care

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:27 - 31]

Keywords: Acoustic power, Ultrasound, Respiratory diseases

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-27  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests that ultrasonography of lung is a fast, inexpensive, widely available bed-side diagnostic tool which is useful for quick and early diagnosis of respiratory diseases. It is useful in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates and has good accuracy in identifying consolidation and alveolar-interstitial syndrome. This technique can also be useful in the immediate evaluation of patients with dyspnoea or acute respiratory failure in the respiratory intensive care unit and helps in monitoring treatment response. Ultrasonography of lung has also been found to be useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, traumatic lung contusion and lung consolidation as well. There is a need for developing specific guidelines for establishing the standards of training and education regarding lung ultrasonography in India.

177

Radiology Forum

A. Vinay Kumar, A Raghukanth

Recurrent Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Pregnancy

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:33 - 35]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-33  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

213

CASE REPORT

R.R. Behera, B. Gouda, A. Kulkarni, Z.F. Udwadia, D.S. Bhandarkar

Thoracoscopic and Endovascular Management of Retained Haemothoarx Associated with an Intercostal Artery Pseudoaneurysm

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:37 - 39]

Keywords: Chest trauma, Haemothorax, Pseudoaneurysm, Thoracoscopy, Decorticaion

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-37  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm (IAP) is a rare entity and may complicate a percutaneous intervention through an intercostal space or follow thoracic trauma. Its rupture into the pleural space can give rise to haemothorax, which if untreated may lead to a retained haemothorax (RH). Traditionally both the IAP and the RH are managed by a thoracotomy. We report a patient who developed an IAP with haemothorax following a trauma. The diagnosis was established by computed tomography. The patient was treated by endovascular embolisation of the IAP followed by thoracoscopic decortications of the RH.

180

CASE REPORT

Ravi Gupta, Girish Sindhwani, Sourav Goyal, Jagdish Rawat, Vikas Kesarwani

Idiopathic Central Sleep Apnoea: An Indian Case with Polysomnographic Findings

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:41 - 44]

Keywords: Idiopathic central sleep apnoea, Polysomnography

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-41  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Patients with idiopathic central sleep apnoea (ICSA) usually complain of poor quality sleep; yet many of them do not receive appropriate treatment because of poor recognition of ICSA by health professionals. We report the case of a patient with ICSA who was misdiagnosed and received treatment for seizures, depression or anxiety for a number of years and discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment options for ICSA.

188

CASE REPORT

Urvinderpal Singh, Kulbir Singh, Aditi , Parminderpal Singh, Pooja Aneja

Idiopathic Pulmonary Artery Aneursym

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:45 - 47]

Keywords: Pulmonary artery aneurysm, Parahilar opacity

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-45  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Idopathic pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is a rare lesion. Clinical experience with this condition is limited and current knowledge is mainly derived from autopsy findings. We report a patient who came to us with complaints of chest pain, breathlessness on exertion and pedal oedema and was diagnosed to have PAA.

168

CASE REPORT

A. Chaudhry, M. Rathore, J.N. Banavaliker

Isolated Right Pulmonary Artery Agenesis with Agenesis of Right Upper Lobe and Bronchiectasis of Right Lower Lobe with Anomalous Arterial Supply from Celiac Axis with Normal Venous Drainage

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:49 - 52]

Keywords: Pulmonary artery agenesis, Lobar agenesis, Bronchiectasis, Haemoptysis

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-49  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Isolated unilateral absence of pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital anomaly. When detected in infancy, the condition is commonly associated with cardiovascular defects which are more frequently associated with left pulmonary artery agenesis. Patients with isolated right pulmonary artery agenesis survive into adulthood with minimal or no symptoms and are diagnosed incidentally on the chest radiographs. We report a case of a 19-year-old female patient who presented to us with recurrent haemoptysis. She was symptomatic since the age of four years. We report the rare occurrence of UAPA on right side, agenesis of right upper lobe and bronchiectasis of right lower lobe with anomalous arterial supply of right lung from coeliac axis in this patient.

221

CASE REPORT

V.K. Jain, A.K. Singh, N. Jain, A. Sharma, A. Singh

Hair: An Unusual Foreign Body in Airways Presenting with Haemoptysis in an Adult Patient

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:2] [Pages No:53 - 54]

Keywords: Haemoptysis, Lung, Tracheo-bronchial tree, Hair, Foreign body

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-53  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Haemoptysis is defined as expectoration of blood originating from the lungs or tracheo-bronchial tree. It is attributed to various causes like tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, lung cancer, mycetoma, foreign bodies etc. Various types of foreign bodies have been reported in the literature. We report the case of an adult female patient who presented with an episode of haemoptysis (150 mL) in whom flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy revealed a single long hair at the carina going to left main bronchus. Following successful removal of this hair there were no further episodes of haemoptysis and the patient manifested clinical and radiological improvement.

192

Abstracts’ Service

Abstracts’ Service

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:55 - 57]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-55  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

176

Panel of Reviewers–2013

Panel of Reviewers–2013

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:1] [Pages No:58 - 58]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-58  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

201

Guidelines to Authors

Guidelines to Authors

[Year:2014] [Month:January-March] [Volume:56] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:59 - 64]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijcdas-56-1-59  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

193

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